Mixed Convective EMHD Flow in Stratified Fluids over a Stretching Plate with Single Slip and Cross-Diffusion
Abstract
This study examines the influence of stratification on mixed convective electro-magnetohydrodynamic (EMHD) flow over a stretching plate in the presence of velocity slip conditions. The analysis is motivated by the relevance of EMHD flows in advanced thermal management systems, microfluidic devices, and electrically conducting fluids subjected to magnetic fields. The coupled governing equations describing momentum, heat transfer, and mass diffusion within the boundary layer are formulated as nonlinear partial differential equations. By introducing appropriate similarity transformations, these equations are reduced to a system of ordinary differential equations, enabling efficient numerical treatment.The resulting boundary value problem is solved numerically using a shooting technique based on Newton’s--Raphson method in conjunction with a fourth-order Runge–Kutta integration scheme. The effects of key physical parameters, including magnetic field strength, Biot number, chemical reaction parameter, Eckert number, Prandtl number, Lewis number, suction parameter, and thermal stratification, are systematically investigated. The numerical results reveal that an increase in magnetic field intensity, Biot number, chemical reaction rate, Eckert number, and thermal stratification parameter leads to a significant enhancement in thermal boundary layer thickness, indicating stronger thermal diffusion within the flow field. In contrast, higher values of the Prandtl number, suction parameter, and Lewis number are found to suppress thermal boundary layer development due to reduced thermal and mass diffusivity.
Overall, the findings provide valuable insights into the complex interplay between electromagnetic effects, stratification, and transport phenomena in EMHD flows, contributing to the improved design and optimization of engineering systems involving stratified electrically conducting fluids.
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References
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