Tensile Properties and Dye Uptake Assessment of Cotton Fabrics Sized with Corn (Zea mays) Starch and Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) Starch
Abstract
Sizing of textile substrate enhances the tenacity of the fibre which gives it an appreciable commercial acceptability. However, the sized textile sample is challenged with dye exhaustion and uptake. This study aimed at investigating the effects of starch molecules on dyeing of textile substrates, the recovery angle and the tenacity of the textile materials. This was carried out by treating pure cotton fabric with starch extracted from corn (Zea mays) and guinea corn (Sorghum bicolor) in the ratio 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% and the percentage starch retention was calculated in mg/g while the %dye uptake was also calculated. The mechanical properties of the sized textile samples were measured using the tensile testing machine and the crease recovery of the textile materials was evaluated. From the results, the maximum wavelength (λmax) of the dye used was 530 nm. Furthermore, from the sizing of the textile samples, the highest percentage of starch retention was 3.71% and 2.733% for corn and sorghum starch respectively. The value of %dye uptake at 30 min was 29.25% and 27.1% for corn and sorghum sized while the control (i.e. the unsized textile sample) was 85.85%. The crease recovery angle of the 5% starch concentration was 12 for sorghum sized and 10 for corn sized. This value was recorded as the highest when compared to other percentage concentration of starch. The mechanical properties which measures the tensile strength shows that at 5% concentration, 14.098 mPa and 20.372 mPa tensile value was observed for sorghum and the corn sized samples respectively when compared to 12.097 value of the control sample. However, the highest tensile strength value was at 10% starch concentration (55.798 mPa) for sorghum sized samples and 15% starch concentration for corn sized textile samples.
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